Antioxidant Defenses in Plants with Attention to Prunus and Citrus spp.

نویسنده

  • Milvia Luisa Racchi
چکیده

This short review briefly introduces the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as by-products of oxidation/reduction (redox) reactions, and the ways in which the antioxidant defense machinery is involved directly or indirectly in ROS scavenging. Major antioxidants, both enzymatic and non enzymatic, that protect higher plant cells from oxidative stress damage are described. Biochemical and molecular features of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) are discussed because they play crucial roles in scavenging ROS in the different cell compartments and in response to stress conditions. Among the non enzymatic defenses, particular attention is paid to ascorbic acid, glutathione, flavonoids, carotenoids, and tocopherols. The operation of ROS scavenging systems during the seasonal cycle and specific developmental events, such as fruit ripening and senescence, are discussed in relation to the intense ROS formation during these processes that impact fruit quality. Particular attention is paid to Prunus and Citrus species because of the nutritional and antioxidant properties contained in these commonly consumed fruits.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Study on the genus Phyllosticta (Ascomycota: Phyllostictaceae) from Guilan province (N. Iran)

Species of Phyllosticta are important group of pathogenic and endophytic fungi that are reported from various crop plants, ornamental and non-fruiting plants. These fungi cause several diseases such as leaf and fruit spots and fruit rot. In order to identify Phyllosticta species in Guilan province, several collections were examined around the region. Altogether 14 taxa were isolated from differ...

متن کامل

Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus L) Anthocyanins as Ingredients for Functional Foods

In the recent years many studies on anthocyanins have revealed their strong antioxidant activity and their possible use as chemotherapeutics. The finding that sour cherries (Prunus cerasus L) (also called tart cherries) contain high levels of anthocyanins that possess strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties has attracted much attention to this species. Here we report the preliminary...

متن کامل

Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Carotenoid Pigment Produced by Native Rhodococcus spp. Isolated From Soil

In recent years, scientists and researchers from all over the world pay much attention to carotenoid pigments as a substitute for antibiotics and synthetic chemical compounds with antioxidant property and the plants, various microorganisms including bacteria and algae are also capable of producing carotenoid pigments. In this research, the production of antimicrobial and antioxidant carotenoid ...

متن کامل

Novel R2R3-MYB transcription factors from Prunus americana regulate differential patterns of anthocyanin accumulation in tobacco and citrus

The level of anthocyanins in plants vary widely among cultivars, developmental stages and environmental stimuli. Previous studies have reported that the expression of various MYBs regulate anthocyanin pigmentation during growth and development. Here we examine the activity of 3 novel R2R3-MYB transcription factor (TF) genes, PamMybA.1, PamMybA.3 and PamMybA.5 from Prunus americana. The anthocya...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره 2  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2013